Loading with Ease

Tips For Selecting The Right Traveling Axle Trailer.

By Troy Geisler

Ideal loading conditions are a rarity in the hauling industry. While a portable producer or construction company loading equipment in the yard might not have any difficulty, a level surface with plenty of room to maneuver is much harder to find on an active jobsite.

In towing and recovery applications, loading can be even more difficult. In addition to the struggles of moving dead equipment, often singlehandedly, these operators must also deal with traffic, poor visibility from darkness or weather, and soft shoulders. There is no way to completely eliminate these challenges, but safe, efficient loading is possible with the right equipment.

Many operators have found traveling axle trailers provide the ideal combination of features to increase safety and versatility. However, like any trailer, maximizing these benefits relies on a careful matching of product specs with the individual operation.

Simply selecting a traveling axle trailer off the lot, so to speak, will often get the job done. But a careful consideration of available features with a reputable dealer or manufacturer promises a long-term solution that will provide more safety, durability and better return on investment.

Here are several key features operators should keep in mind when selecting the right traveling axle trailer for optimal loading efficiency in any conditions.

Industry Standards
Traveling axle or sliding axle trailers are available from a number of manufacturers. Each brand offers slightly different features, but there are a few design standards that make these trailers ideal for operations looking for versatility and ease of loading. Operators who know what they need in these areas are well on their way to finding the right trailer for their operation.

Capacity – To begin, operators should consider their required capacity. Generally, traveling axle manufacturers offers models with 40- and 55-ton capacity, making them ideal for transporting a variety of equipment. If the trailer will mostly be hauling larger equipment, like excavators or pavers, pay close attention to the manufacturer’s 10-ft. capacity rating.

However, those wanting to haul mixed loads of small and mid-sized construction tools, such as skid steers, lifts or buses, should carefully consider the overall capacity. This number tells them how many pieces of equipment, such as mini-excavators or concrete road dividers, they can safely transport on the trailer deck.

Depending on the required capacity and intended use, operators can then choose from a number of available deck lengths – usually 48, 50 or 53 ft. – to select a trailer ideally suited for their specific hauling needs. This customization is especially cost effective for businesses such as rental centers or contractors that often haul mixed or concentrated short loads, since it allows them to choose a length that works best in the areas they will be used.

Loaded Deck Height – Loaded deck height is another spec operators should keep in mind to limit permit costs and maximize productivity. Within the United States, legal load height is 13 ft., 6 in. However, operators are faced with many overhead obstacles that are even lower, especially in urban environments.

In these situations, a single inch can mean a difference of hours when it comes to getting from point A to point B and beyond. A traveling axle trailer with an industry leading low loaded deck height of 36-in. provides optimal flexibility for transporting taller equipment such as excavators and buses.

Load Angle – Additionally, operators will want to make note of the trailer’s load angle. This feature is key to safety and efficiency since it allows operators to simply drive or, in the case of dead or immobile equipment, winch loads onto the deck, eliminating the hassle of ramps and the dangers associated with driving up and over the rear axle.

It also makes transporting machines with low ground clearance, such as pavers and rollers, much more convenient. Load angles vary between models and manufacturers, but are usually between 8 and 6 degrees. Generally speaking, the lower the load angle, the easier loading will be, so compare this important spec before making a final decision.

Features for Improved Performance
In addition to the above considerations, industry-leading manufactures offer a number of advanced features that can improve traveling axle trailer performance. Explore these options to maximize productivity and safety.

Durable Construction – First and foremost, operators should look for a trailer with a rugged design made to excel in the adverse conditions often found on jobsites and in recovery operations.

To provide ample power and traction for moving axles on muddy or uneven terrain, carefully consider the rig’s piggyback cylinder. Most traveling axle trailers rely on hydraulics to move axles forward and back and tilt the trailer deck up and down. When it comes to the axles, the piggyback cylinder is the driving force behind this movement. While a 4-in. cylinder is common on most traveling axle trailers, models with a 5-in. cylinder provide 56% more push force of the cylinders to maximize axle operation while loading and unloading.

For additional durability and long-term value, operators should also consider a 4-beam frame design that uses 4-in. I-beam crossmembers. Compared to the perimeter frame commonly found on traveling axle trailers, which uses 3-in. crossmembers and concentrates weight on only two outside beams, the 4-beam frame offers better deflection across the entire deck. This results in a more even weight distribution that increases trailer longevity and versatility with mixed loads of smaller equipment.

Another durability differentiator to consider is the thickness of apitong decking. This tightly woven and incredibly dense South Asian wood is less susceptible to chipping and cracking, compared to oak or other hardwood, while providing more traction than metal. For maximum longevity, look for trailers offering 1.5-in.-thick (nominal) apitong. 

Winch – An in-deck winch is standard equipment on most traveling axle trailers from reputable manufacturers. However, the type of winch makes a significant difference. Look for a trailer with a 20,000-lb., direct-drive planetary winch, which offers up to twice the loading speed of a more traditional worm gear model. This productivity boost is especially important for operators frequently needing to load dead equipment, containers, or other immobile objects – such as towing and recovery specialists, rental centers, or some construction companies.

Remote control winch operation should also be mentioned at this point. For the most part, this is a standard feature from industry-leading manufacturers because of the safety and productivity benefits it provides.

With a remote control, operators can use the winch from any position – including behind the wheel of inoperable machinery or on the passenger side of the trailer to avoid traffic. This feature also makes it possible for a single operator to load the trailer.

Here again, small differences between manufacturers can quickly add up. For optimum efficiency, look for a six-function remote system. This not only controls the winch, but also moves the axles and tilts the deck. A remote with a range of 150 ft. increases the viable working area, allowing operators to choose the safest vantage point for loading and unloading. Additionally, a USB-chargeable remote offers added convenience over battery powered options.

Additional Features – Finally, after capacity, overall durability and all the “make or break” decisions that go into trailer selection, there are the little extras from top-tier manufacturers that can make a big difference in productivity and safety.

The number and size of toolboxes, for example. In towing and recovery operations, having easy access to all the tools you need is imperative for getting the job done, especially when you are a long way from the shop and the conditions are poor. Look for a trailer with ample storage for chains, binders and other necessary equipment.

Some manufacturers offer traveling axle trailers with an additional curbside toolbox with a chain rack for safe, convenient access away from oncoming traffic. This second toolbox also provides significantly more storage capacity than models with a single driver-side storage option.

For construction and rental houses, trailers offering double keyhole tie-down slots on top of the outside beams and recessed in the center of the main deck offer increased flexibility. This additional feature from certain manufacturers allows for safe side-by-side loading of smaller equipment, such as skid steers.

Who to Trust
Whether it’s towing and recovery or transportation for a rental fleet, there’s a lot riding on a company’s trailer decision. Selecting a traveling axle unit that protects operators and the public – not to mention the load – can be a complicated process. Thankfully, experts are readily available to help walk through all the options and ensure the right trailer for the job. Work with reputable dealers and manufacturers to understand the key considerations for optimal safety, efficiency and longevity.

Troy Geisler is the vice president of sales and marketing for Talbert Manufacturing. He has more than 15 years of experience in the trailer industry, including 10 years with Talbert. Troy earned his bachelor’s degree from Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. Lloyd Hair is the director of maintenance for Keen Transport, a heavy-haul logistics and transportation service provider.


Trailer Maintenance Tips

By Troy Geisler and Lloyd Hair

Heavy-haul trailers trek thousands of miles during their service lives and encounter many challenges – from rocks and ruts to bumps and jolts, no trailer gets out unscathed. To get the most from trailers, here are some tips to prevent costly damage and keep your trailers in top shape.

Start with the Purchase
Minimizing heavy-haul trailer maintenance starts long before the load hits the road. To ensure long-term durability, choose units with high-strength steel, such as 12-in. deep I-beams with a minimum yield strength of 100,000 psi.

High-quality finishes are also important. A trailer with premium primer and topcoat finishes will look great for years to come and will, as a result, have a higher resale value.

Load Capacity
To minimize wear on components, such as brakes and tires, and to ensure safety, follow the right loading capacity for the trailer. This means getting a true idea of load concentrations as well as weight, speed and safety ratings. Manufacturers are great resources for providing a clear picture of each trailer’s true capacity.

Pre-trip Inspection
Before taking off with each load, inspect your heavy-haul trailer, checking that brakes and tires are in good condition. Also, ensure tires are properly inflated to the right psi and confirm hydraulic hoses are free from cracks or damage. If you’re operating a detachable or rear-load model, be sure to properly maintain hydraulic pressure even on self-contained and wet lines.

A quick walk around the trailer to look at the frame, chains and straps for damage is a good idea as well. Trailers see a lot of use and abuse, particularly in harsher weather conditions, so repairs or replacements could be needed sooner rather than later.

Hydraulic Cylinders
Hydraulic cylinders should be fully retracted when not in use to minimize the stainless-steel rams’ exposure to the elements and maximize their longevity.

Lubricate
Keep wheel ends lubricated to minimize wear and prevent gear oil leakage. Well-lubricated wheel ends also ensure proper and safe operation. Brakes, cams and slack adjusters need to be lubricated, as well. In addition, use dielectric grease on lighting connections, electrical components, lights and lighting harnesses to reduce corrosion. Always refer to the manufacturer’s recommendations and grease guidelines.

Tires
Traveling with underinflated tires is one of the biggest culprits of premature wear, so keeping them properly inflated will allow them to last longer and boost fuel efficiency. Regularly check tire pressure and keep them properly inflated, either manually or with an automatic tire inflation system.

It’s just as important to replace tires when they become worn to avoid a blowout and downtime. Always select the right size and rating to ensure optimal performance and keep tire pressure equalized for the greatest longevity.

Preventative Maintenance Program
Developing a preventative maintenance program that aligns with an owner’s business needs will minimize breakdowns and optimize the longevity of trailers as well as their components. It also will enhance safety. Trailer fleet owners should match their equipment needs to a maintenance schedule. For example, will the trailer need to be on the road all the time, or will it sit idle for long periods?

One of the best ways to see a direct reflection of the success of your maintenance program is through the Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance’s inspection program. The nonprofit organization scores commercial motor vehicles based on inspection procedures and CVSA criteria – and the lower the number, the better.

Keep a Record
Proper record keeping is also important so you know when preventative maintenance is needed and what has already been done. This helps your operation optimize efficiency and prevent any small issues from becoming larger headaches down the road. Putting proper procedures in place will keep appropriate personnel accountable for performing the maintenance when needed.

Training/Mechanics
Trailer owners should ensure anyone involved with any aspect of the trailer’s use has proper training, not only to prevent damage to the trailer but also for their safety and the safety of others. In addition, ensure mechanics are well-trained in maintaining heavy-haul trailers and that they follow manufacturers’ guidelines.

Communication
Drivers and maintenance technicians should have open lines of communication concerning trailer issues or required maintenance. This will ensure the right kind of maintenance is performed and that it’s done promptly.

From fleets of five trailers to 50, proper selection, maintenance and preventative programs are equally important in ensuring the greatest longevity, safety and performance of each unit.

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